镁-铝类水滑石的摩擦性能

以菱镁矿为原料,通过化学分解--水热法合成镁铝类水滑石,利用月桂酸钠对合成样品进行表面改性,以提高类水滑石粉体在润滑介质中的分散性。月桂酸钠的最佳添加量占浆液质量5%。分别采用微振动(SRV)摩擦实验和四球摩擦实验表征改性类水滑石粉体的摩擦性能。结果表明:类水滑石粉体作为减摩材料,其合理的添加量为30g/L基础油。类水滑石粉体可显著降低摩擦副间的摩擦系数,是一种具有潜在应用价值的减摩材料。     

Combined Application of Experimental Design and Artificial Neural Networks in Modeling and Characterization of Spray Drying Drug: Cyclodextrin Complexes

The aim of this study was to investigate the usefulness of combined application of quality by design tools such as central composite design (CCD), response surface methodology (RSM), and artificial neural networks (ANN) in the characterization, modeling, and optimizaton of spray drying of a poorly soluble drug : cyclodextrin complex. Models were developed by RSM and ANN from different pools of data. The model with best predictability was the ANN multilayer perceptron (MLP)1 model developed from the largest group of data (R ² for response yield 0.854, moisture content 0.886). On the other hand, analysis of equations derived from the application of RSM contributed in better understanding the complex relationships between input and output variables. By application of a desirability function approach, optimal process parameters that resulted in the best process yield (86%) and minimal moisture content in the powder (3.3%) were established (25% feed concentration, 180°C inlet air temperature, 10% pump speed).     

Numerical simulation of particle formation in the rapid expansion of supercritical solution process

In this paper, we numerically study particle formation in the rapid expansion of supercritical solution (RESS) process in a two dimensional, axisymmetric geometry, for a benzoic acid + CO₂ system. The fluid is described by the classical Navier–Stokes equation, with the thermodynamic pressure being replaced by a generalized pressure tensor. Homogenous particle nucleation, transport, condensation and coagulation are described by a general dynamic equation, which is solved using the method of moments. The results show that the maximal nucleation rate and number density occurs near the nozzle exit, and particle precipitation inside the nozzle might not be ignored. Particles grow mainly across the shocks. Fluid in the shear layer of the jet shows a relatively low temperature, high nucleation rate, and carries particles with small sizes. On the plate, particles within the jet have smaller average size and higher geometric mean, while particles outside the jet shows a larger average size and a lower geometric mean. Increasing the preexpansion temperature will increase both the average particle size and standard deviation. The preexpansion pressure does not show a monotonic dependency with the average particle size. Increasing the distance between the plate and the nozzle exit might decrease the particle size. For all the cases in this paper, the average particle size on the plate is on the order of tens of nanometers.     

格拉斯霍夫数物理意义的种解释方法简

格拉斯霍夫数是将影响对流传热膜系数因素进行量纲分析得到的无量纲数。国内外几乎所有《化工原理》教材均将其解释为表征自然对流的影响,但解释过程均较为模糊。本文以一垂直平板与大空间液体的自然对流传热过程为例,将流体在垂直平板附近的热边界层内流动等效到圆管内流动,直接用泊稷叶公式计算出热边界层内流体流动为层流时的环流速度,取等效圆管的当量直径为特征尺寸,明确得到格拉斯霍夫数是雷诺数的一种变形,表征自然对流时惯性力与黏性力之比。     

工程材料及机械制造基础课程立体化教学与改革的探讨

本文阐述了工程材料及机械制造基础课程整合与课程教学改革的原因、改革的措施。从结果上看,激发和提高了学生的学习兴趣,加强了理论联系实际和工程应用能力培养,这一课程整合与教学改革达到了目标,取得了良好的实践效果,探索了该课程立体化教学和教学实践改革的思路与方法。     

化工原理课教学方式的改革与探索

为调动学生自主学习兴趣,培养其解决工程实际问题的能力和创新能力,我们对化工原理课程(理论课、实验课和课程设计)的授课方式等进行了改进,即在教师的配备、教学内容及时间的设置上,进行了改进,并提出了改进的具体措施,取得了成效。     

基于“卓越计划”的应用型人才培养模式改革——以化学工程与工艺专业为例

"卓越计划"是教育部贯彻教育规划纲要精神启动的一项重大改革计划,以培养创新能力强、适应经济社会发展需要的高质量各类型工程技术人才为目标。本文以教育部试点专业为基础,按照化工卓越工程师培养的目标要求,建立以培养学生工程实践能力为目标的培养方案,以工程教育理念为核心,课程优化整合、教学改革为重点,采取走出去、请进来等多种形式实施"卓越计划",取得了显著效果。     

过级式英语学习与化工原理双语教学互促模式的实践探索——以浙江工商大学食品与生物工程学院为例

本文对比分析了国内外关于同类研究的情况,主张构建过级式英语学习与化工原理双语教学互促模式的创新基础,树立正确的双语教学观念,充分发挥过级英语学习的积极性与能动性,利用过级英语学习提高化工原理双语教学课堂学习的趣味性及语言习得,提出了过级式英语学习与化工原理双语教学互促的实践策略,以及如何分阶段开展学习小组活动的做法。     

CTAB对介孔γ-Al_2O_3性质的影响

以硫酸铝和偏铝酸钠为原料,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)溶液为成胶底液,采用水热并流成胶法制备拟薄水铝石,经600℃煅烧后得到γ-Al2O3。通过N2吸附、XRD、SEM、TEM等表征方法考察CTAB加入量、合成pH值等条件对产物比表面积、孔体积、平均孔径、形貌及晶型的影响。结果表明,CTAB作为一种阳离子表面活性剂,能够在酸性和碱性条件下都起到增大比表面积、孔体积、平均孔径和减少团聚的作用,对γ-Al2O3孔结构和形貌也有显著影响;当成胶底液中溶入CTAB的量与理论计算应沉淀出的Al2O3量的摩尔比为0.14∶1时,所制得Al2O3的比表面积、孔体积和平均孔径最大:当pH=8时,达到385.45m2/g、1.14cm3/g和11.9nm;当pH=6时,达到382.43m2/g、0.94cm3/g和9.8nm;在CTAB加入量相同的情况下,碱性反应条件所制得γ-Al2O3的孔体积、平均孔径和晶粒尺寸更大。     

麦尔兹窑喷枪更换和烧损原因分析及改进意见

介绍了一种快速更换麦尔兹窑喷枪的方法,并分析了喷枪烧损的原因,以及提出了如何延长喷枪寿命的意见。